This facilitates their potential future development and efficient application for sustainable agriculture. 2.2.4 Analysis GraphPad Prism 9.0 (GraphPad Prism version 9.0 for Windows, GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA) was used to plot a heat map for. Our study promotes the understanding of the insecticidal mechanism of Vip3 proteins and illustrates an easily implementable strategy to increase the insecticidal potency of Vip3Aa's. P values were calculated using two-tailed unpaired t-tests unless otherwise stated and were shown in the related figures. Data were represented as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. GraphPad Prism 8 was used for statistical analysis. We further demonstrated that by adding more cleavage sites between DI and DII of Vip3Aa, its proteolysis efficiency by midgut proteases can be significantly increased, and thus enhance its insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa armigera larvae. The number of biological replicates and the method for statistical test are described in the figure legends. Join the worlds leading scientists and discover how you.
In this study, we found that in addition to the preliminary digestion sites lysine, there are multiple cleavage activation sites in the linker region between domain I (DI) and DII of Vip3Aa. The preferred analysis and graphing solution purpose-built for scientific research. They are considered to be a promising toxic candidate for the management of various detrimental pests. Vip3 family proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis have distinct characteristics from known insecticidal Cry toxins and show efficient insecticidal activity against several detrimental lepidopteran pests. Microbially derived protein-based biopesticides have become a vital element in pest management strategies.
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